Sikersztorik:
Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS, install or upgrade:
# When a new OS is installed:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update.
# Find out which package is installed
dpkg -l | egrep nvidia
# Remove old drivers
sudo apt purge nvidia-driver-xxx
# Find recommended drivers
ubuntu-drivers devices
# Install recommended drivers
ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
# Autoremove
sudo apt-get autoremove
# Find not completely removed packages, then remove them: apt purge ... ...
sudo dpkg -l | egrep "^[^i]"
Older solutions:
Find out which display driver is currently used:
sudo lshw -c videoMake sure which display driver you need:
sudo lspciList all available device drivers
ubuntu-drivers devicesDisable default nouveau driver
Grub Boot loader press E, type this, than F10
linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-38-generic root=UUID=5a76bb7b-2c8b-4c51-ab80-142e99f2c62c ro quiet splash nouveau.modeset=0 $vt_handoffIn order to make these kernel options permanent:
# /etc/default/grub:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nouveau.modeset=0"Then run
sudo update-grubInstall nVidia driver (source)
sudo service lightdm stop
# sudo apt-get purge nvidia-*
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update.
sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-415 # the latest
Furthermore, in nvidia-settings, I can chose which GPU I want to use.
watch -n 1 nvidia-smiCheck GLX configuration
LIBGL_DEBUG=verbose glxinfo | egrep rendererFree up space in /boot
Source: askubuntu.com.
Now we can do everything we want by combining these last two commands into this unholy mess:
dpkg -l linux-{image,headers}-"[0-9]*" | awk '/^ii/{ print $2}' | grep -v -e `uname -r | cut -f1,2 -d"-"` | grep -e '[0-9]' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purgeDisable Secure Boot from OS
Check whether you are booted in UEFI mode
sudo apt install efibootmgr
sudo efibootmgrReboot into the firmware setup interface (BIOS)
sudo systemctl reboot --firmware-setupCheck whether you are enabled Secure Boot (the last four number are 0000 if SB is not enable, and 0001 if SB is enabled).
hexdump /sys/firmware/efi/efivars/SecureBoot-8be4df61-93ca-11d2-aa0d-00e098032b8cDisable/enable Secure Boot from the OS (during reboot you should enter certain letters of the password given).
sudo mokutil --disable-validation
sudo mokutil --enable-validation
Disable Secure Boot from OS
Fogalmam sincs, hogy sikerült! A BIOS advanced módjában a BOOT lapon a Secure Boot alcím alatt nem sikerült megcsinálnom, mert csak a Windows volt ott. A boot sorrendben rákattintottam a megfelelő SSD device-ra (UEFI mód) majd ott valamit kattintottam, egy aprócska részeg pillantás és már újra is indult a gép. Oszt, működött!
To find out your Ubuntu version, try
lsb_release -aDistributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 17.04 Release: 17.04 Codename: zesty
Install Linux headers
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic #orsudo add-apt-repository ppa:malteworld/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install pdftk pdfdiff pdfshuffler
sudo apt-get install gnome-system-monitor
sudo dpkg -i owncloud-client_2.5.0.10650+oc-10213_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install gnome-menus desktop-file-utils mime-support hicolor-icon-theme shared-mime-info
sudo apt-get install owncloud-client
sudo apt-get install clipit konsole krusader arj ark kdiff3 meld kmail krename md5deep okteta rpm unrar rar zip unzip
sudo apt-get install libgnome-keyring0
sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk
sudo apt-get install okular evince pdfshuffler
sudo apt-get install wmctrl xdotool
# keresd fel a honlapot
wget -qO - https://download.sublimetext.com/sublimehq-pub.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
echo "# Polcz: sublime" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sublime-text.list
echo "deb https://download.sublimetext.com/ apt/stable/" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sublime-text.list
sudo apt-get install sublime-text
sudo apt-get install cups # nyomtatohoz
sudo apt-get install texlive-full
Install sublime text 3
wget -qO - https://download.sublimetext.com/sublimehq-pub.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://download.sublimetext.com/ apt/stable/" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sublime-text.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sublime-textFirst created on 2018.01.23. (január 23, kedd), 12:39
# System tools
sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g
# Fogalmam sincs mar mihez kellett
sudo apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386
# Utilities
sudo apt-get install tree
# PHP, MySQL, Apache server
sudo apt-get install mysql-server phpmyadmin mysql-workbench
# Media tools
sudo apt-get install audacity
# Supplementary media tools
sudo apt-get install bino
# JabRef from package repository
sudo apt-get install jabref
# JabRef: dependencies for JabRef Java sources
sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-source openjfx-source libopenjfx-java openjfx libslf4j-java
# If openjfx for Java 11 is installed downgrade openjfx to Java 8 (this worked for me on Ubuntu 18.04.3)
sudo apt install openjfx=8u161-b12-1ubuntu2 libopenjfx-java=8u161-b12-1ubuntu2 libopenjfx-jni=8u161-b12-1ubuntu2
sudo apt list --installedWhat worked for me was removing any broken packages, as they were preventing the upgrade. First find out which packages are broken:
grep Broken /var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.logOr you can find the broken packages in the list of all packages
sudo dpkg -l | egrep "^[^i]"
sudo dpkg -l | egrep "^.[^i]"
sudo dpkg -l | egrep "^..[^i]"Then remove them:
sudo apt-get remove Some might be reinstalled during the upgrade, others you may have to reinstall yourself.
Nagyon hasznos:
sudo dpkg --list | awk 'NR > 1 { arr[$1]++ } END { for (a in arr) print a, arr[a] }'
In order to whach progress of a cp ot mv command, run independently (source):
watch -n 10 progress -w Iterate recursively through a directory and operate on filenames (independently if their name contain whitespace or illegal characters)
find | egrep "conflicted" | while IFS= read -r var ; do echo $var ; doneKSnapshot is replaced by KDE-Spectacle
sudo apt-get install kde-spectacle
spectacle
Manage input devices and their drivers (source)
xinput --list
xinput disable 12 # Enable disable Synaptics touchpad
xinput enable 12
# Kernel modulok ujra betoltese
sudo modprobe -r psmouse # ez mukodott
sudo modprobe psmouse # Es vegul ezzel sikerult ujra feleleszteni a TouchPad-et
XFCE Screenshooter
xfce4-screenshooter -f # or -wxfdesktop --windowlist
xfdesktop --next
xfce4-power-manager --dump
xbacklight
sudo apt-get install xdotool wmctrl
For volume control, install xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin, add it this widget (plugin) to one of your panels, than check to enable keyboard shortcuts.
Move and resize window
xdotool windowsize $(xdotool getactivewindow) 200 200
xdotool windowmove $(xdotool getactivewindow) 100 0
Find the active window
xdotool getactivewindow # returns window ID
xdotool getactivewindow getwindowpid # returns PIDFind window by name
xdotool search --name mozillaFind screen width
xrandr | grep ' connected'Get the path of the actual desktop wallpaper:
xfconf-query -c xfce4-desktop -p /backdrop/screen0/monitor0/workspace0/last-imageGet panel information: source
# To view the panel IDs:
xfconf-query -c xfce4-panel -p /panels
#To view the settings for a specific ID (in my case. panel-1):
xfconf-query -c xfce4-panel -p /panels/panel-1 -lv
#To change one of the non-array settings (ie enable autohide):
xfconf-query -c xfce4-panel -p /panels/panel-1/autohide -s true
#...and to disable it again:
xfconf-query -c xfce4-panel -p /panels/panel-1/autohide -s falseListen which XFCE properties are update during operation (source)
xfconf-query -c xfce4-desktop -msource Change Desktop path in XFCE: The file is: /home/user/.config/user-dirs.dirs Change the line XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop" for: XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Plocha" Save and OK!! "Yo creo que los muertos son tiernos. ¿Nos besamos?" Offline #3 2011-01-15 21:59:53 Behemot Member Registered: 2010-12-10 Posts: 96 Re: [SOLVED] Renaming Desktop folder in XFCE, where to change the path? Just one problem, I do not have such a file in .config. Offline #4 2011-01-15 22:31:38 superchango Member From: Tenochtitlan Registered: 2009-01-22 Posts: 132 Re: [SOLVED] Renaming Desktop folder in XFCE, where to change the path? Generate the file with the command: xdg-user-dirs-update
XFCE command line tools:
xfdesktop --help-all
xfce4-session-logout --helpDo not show desktop names: Settings Manager > Desktop > Menus > "Show window list ....." disable
sudo apt-get install xclip
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "ppolcz@gmail.com"
xclip -sel clip < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pubdropbox stop && dbus-launch dropbox startsudo sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_watches=1048576
sudo sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_instances=256Edit /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# (file system) (mount point) (type) (options) (dump) (pass)
# / was on /dev/sda2 during installation
(...)
# Mount internal ntfs-3g partition with linux compatible permissions, i.e. 755 for directories (dmask=022) and 644 resp. 755 for files (fmask=133 resp. 022)
UUID=1121902B638952DC /media/ppolcz/Toshiba_2TB ntfs uid=ppolcz,gid=users,dmask=022,fmask=022 0 0
(...)
$ df -h
# Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
# udev 7,8G 0 7,8G 0% /dev
# tmpfs 1,6G 9,5M 1,6G 1% /run
# /dev/sda6 216G 157G 48G 77% /
# tmpfs 7,8G 58M 7,8G 1% /dev/shm
# tmpfs 5,0M 4,0K 5,0M 1% /run/lock
# tmpfs 7,8G 0 7,8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
# /dev/sda1 256M 33M 224M 13% /boot/efi
# tmpfs 1,6G 20K 1,6G 1% /run/user/1000
Delete all partition with fdisk, then create a partition.
sudo fdisk /dev/sdcUse mkfs to initialize filesystem:
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1Add label:
sudo e2label /dev/sdc1 "Regi_linuxok_1TB"Make it writable:
sudo chown -R ppolcz /media/ppolcz/Regi_linuxok_1TB/sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g # mkfs.ntfs (only in sudo mode)Create partition using fdisk
sudo fdisk /dev/sdeIn fdisk do the following:
d # delete partition
n # create partition
t 7 # set type of partition to NTFS (b: fat32)
p # print partition table
w # write changes to the diskNow create the NTFS filesystem
sudo mkfs.ntfs -f /dev/sde1 -L Label_of_new_fsAfter fdisk, run:
sudo mkfs -t vfat /dev/sdg1sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utilsList information about all available or the specified block devices: lsblk -f
Add static mount point:
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
# ....
# /home/ppolcz/T was on /dev/sdb1 during installation
UUID=1121902B638952DC /home/ppolcz/T ntfs uid=ppolcz,gid=users,dmask=022,fmask=022 0 0
# ....
setxkbmap -option grp:switch,grp:alts_toggle us,hu(setxkbmap -query | grep -q "layout:\s\+us") && setxkbmap hu || setxkbmap usKeyboard layout configuration files are located here:
/usr/share/X11/xkb
# Hungarian layout definitions:
/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/huX11 xkb syntax description is available here: Building an XKB Keyboard, Key Code Naming Conventions (source: Xkb Configuration Files), How to modify a keyboard layout in Linux, AskUbuntu: How to add a new keyboard layout.
Set compose key (source: Compose key IDs can be found here)
setxkbmap -option compose:lwinSyntax for custom composite key definitions (~/.XCompose) can be found here. Table of compose keys can be found on the wiki and here. For even more, see
/usr/share/X11/locale/en_US.UTF-8/ComposeGive password preliminarily (useful when startup scripts need root permissions)
# eg. in script ${HOME}/.profile
echo "password" | sudo -S hdparm -Y /dev/sd[cd]xterm -geometry 150x70+500+50 -e "bash echo-pass.sh | sudo -S hdparm -Y /dev/sd[cd] ; read -n1 -s"#/usr/local/bin/echo-pass.sh
echo "password"pdfnup --nup 2x1 --landscape Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-2x1.pdf
pdfnup --nup 3x1 --landscape Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-2x1.pdf
pdfnup --nup 3x1 Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-2x1.pdf
pdfjam Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf --nup 3x1 --papersize '{5.5in,8.5in}' --landscape out.pdf
pdfjam --nup 3x1 --papersize '{5.5in,8.5in}' --landscape Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-3x1jam.pdf
pdfjam --nup 3x1 --papersize '{5.5in,9.5in}' --landscape Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-3x1jam.pdf
pdfjam --nup 3x1 --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' --landscape Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-3x1jam.pdf
pdfcrop --margins '5 10 5 20' --clip input.pdf output.pdf
pdfcrop --margins '5 10 5 20' --clip Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-clip.pdf
pdfjam --nup 3x1 --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' --landscape Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-clip.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-clip-3x1.pdf
pdfjam --nup 4x1 --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' --landscape Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-clip.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-clip-3x1.pdf
pdfcrop --margins '-50 -50 -50 -50' Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-clip2.pdf
pdfjam --keepinfo --trim "10mm 15mm 10mm 15mm" --clip true --suffix "cropped" Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf
pdfjam --keepinfo --trim "30mm 35mm 30mm 35mm" --clip true --suffix "cropped" Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf
pdfjam --keepinfo --trim "30mm 35mm 30mm 35mm" --clip true --suffix "cropped" Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf cd '/home/ppolcz/Dropbox/Peti/PhD/Konyvtar/03_ccs/Temporal_Logic_Rudan'
pdfjam --keepinfo --trim "30mm 35mm 30mm 35mm" --clip true --suffix "cropped" Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf cd '/home/ppolcz/Dropbox/Peti/PhD/Konyvtar/03_ccs/Temporal_Logic_Rudan' cd '/home/ppolcz/Dropbox/Peti/Desktop'
pdfjam --nup 3x1 --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-clip.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-clip-3x1.pdf
pdfjam --nup 3x1 --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-clip.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-3x1.pdf
pdfjam --nup 3x1 --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-3x1.pdf
pdfjam --nup 3x1 --landscape --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-3x1.pdf
pdfjam --nup 2x1 --landscape --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-2x1.pdf
pdfjam --nup 2x1 --landscape Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-2x1.pdf
pdfjam --nup 2x1 --landscape --papersize '{6.125in,9.250in}' Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-2x1.pdf
pdfjam --nup 5x2 --landscape --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-5x2.pdf
pdfjam --nup 4x1 --landscape --papersize '{5.5in,9.78in}' Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems.pdf -o Belta_2017_Formal_Methods_for_DT_systems-4x1.pdf
pdfjam --outfile out.pdf --paper a4paper in.pdfCreate a user defined function, assign values to variables inside a rule or in a function
proba:
$(call define_varname,valami/itk/ppke/hu)
# This is a function with one single argument
define define_varname
$(eval varname := $(patsubst valami/itk/%,kutyagumi/%,$(1)))
@echo $(varname)
endef
#~$ make proba
#kutyagumi/ppke/hu
Foreach loop inside a rule
SUBDIRS = foo bar baz
subdirs:
@for dir in $(SUBDIRS); do \
echo $$dir; \
done
#~$ make subdirs
#foo
#bar
#baztbxmanager install mpt mptdoc cddmex fourier glpkmex hysdel lcp yalmip sedumi espresso clpmexsudo mysql -u root -pCreate new user, grant access, set password, set password rule.
use mysql;
create user 'username'@'localhost' identified by '';
grant all privileges on owncloud.* to 'username'@'localhost';
update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD("mypassword") where User='username';
update user set plugin="mysql_native_password" where User='username';
flush privileges;
quit;Other user configuration:
First, log in as super user: sudo mysql -uroot
update user set authentication_string=password('yourpass') where user='root';
update user set plugin="mysql_native_password" where User='root';
-- instead of 'auth_socket'
flush privileges;
From now on mysql -uroot -p will work.
Get available memory
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfoCreate user with its home directory:
sudo useradd -m mathuseralternatively:
sudo useradd mathuser
sudo mkhomedir_helper mathuserRemove user along with its home and mail directory
sudo userdel -r mathuserChange default login shell to bash:
sudo chsh -s /bin/bash mathuserMake user login prompt fancy colored with green and blue: (source)
export PS1='\[\e]0;\u@\h: \w\a\]${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ 'Find out which kernel am I running
uname -rFind out which kernel images can be removed
sudo dpkg --list 'linux-image*'|awk '{ if ($1=="ii") print $2}'|grep -v `uname -r`Then, remove
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.19.0-65-genericI understand this is an old post, but I had this same problem and had a hard time finding a decent answer.
My laptop with Ubuntu Server would go into a white screen saver, and soon after everything would lose connection to the server. As soon as I exited the screen saver with the keyboard on the laptop, everything was able to once again connect. The acpi=off, setterm -blank 0, and other options described on similar questions never worked, until I found a working answer from the Unix and Linux SE.
After this solution, my laptop still goes to the white screen saver, however I no longer lose connection to any of the services running on it (SSH, SFTP, HTTP).
This command disables suspend:
sudo systemctl mask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.targetand this command brings it back:
sudo systemctl unmask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target
Find out your public IP address:
Enable userdir for Apache2.4 on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (source)
sudo a2enmod userdirEdit /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php7.0.conf
...
<IfModule mod_userdir.c>
<Directory /home/*/public_html>
php_admin_flag engine On
</Directory>
</IfModule>Restart Apache sercer
sudo systemctl restart apache2sudo a2enmod ssl<VirtualHost hostname:443>
ServerName hostname
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/host.name_error.log
CustomLog /var/log/apache2/host.name_access.log combined
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /path/to/cert/dir/host.name.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /path/to/cert/dir/host.name_privatekey.pem
SSLCertificateChainFile /path/to/cert/dir/DigiCertCA.crt
</VirtualHost>
sudo a2ensite hostnamesudo apachctl configtestTo correctly install your certificate, it is important to configure the server to use the intermediate DigiCertCA.crt file in addition to host.name.crt.
Our online Apache installation guide is available here.
A typical Apache installation will involve configuration lines like these in your <VirtualHost *:443> block:
SSLCertificateFile /your/path/to/host.name.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /your/path/to/host.name.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /your/path/to/DigiCertCA.crt
After installing your certificate, you can verify that it is correctly installed by using our Certificate Testing tool: digicert.com/help
If you are having difficulty installing your certificate, please contact our friendly support team for more assistance.
apt-get install php php-pear
sudo apt-get install php7.2 php7.2-cli php7.2-common php7.2-fpm php7.2-gd php7.2-imap php7.2-intl php7.2-json php7.2-ldap php7.2-mbstring php7.2-mysql php7.2-opcache php7.2-pgsql php7.2-readline php7.2-sqlite3 php7.2-xml php7.2-zipsudo a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif
sudo a2enconf php7.2-fpm
systemctl reload apache2
sudo service apache2 restartapt-get purge php7.0-*error_reporting(E_ERROR | E_PARSE);#/etc/apache2/apache2.conf:
Alias /www /usr/www/html
<Directory "/usr/www/html">
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
Install OwnCloud and set permissions. Note that the following permission setup might not be the optimal!
sudo -u www-data ls -la /path/to/folderBefore configuring OwnCloud, you need to install MySQL/MariaDB, create database 'owncloud' and a MySQL user which is granted all permissions but only for this database.